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Python is a high-level language that has gained immense popularity in recent years. DrJava is a lightweight programming environment for Java designed to foster test-driven software development. It includes an intelligent program editor, an interactions pane for evaluating program text, a source level debugger, and a unit testing tool. In addition to bug fixes, this stable release supports Java 7 in addition to Java 5 and 6. This document instructs you on how to set up a Java programming environment for your Mac OS X computer. It also provides a step-by-step guide for creating and compiling a Java program in IntelliJ and executing it from the command line. You will need a Mac running Mac OS X 10.13 (High Sierra) to Mac OS X 10.15 (Catalina). Now you can load it into the Mac App store using the Application Loader tool. You will first need to go to iTunes Connect and set things up. But we have now left the Java specific part of the assembly so there are many other blog posts out there by more qualified and experienced Mac App Store developers.
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create, run, and package a simple Java application that prints
Hello, World!
to the system output. Along the way, you will get familiar with IntelliJ IDEA features for boosting your productivity as a developer: coding assistance and supplementary tools. Watch the screencast and follow the step-by-step instructions below:
Prepare a project
Create a new Java project
In IntelliJ IDEA, a project helps you organize your source code, tests, libraries that you use, build instructions, and your personal settings in a single unit.
- Launch IntelliJ IDEA.If the Welcome screen opens, click Create New Project.Otherwise, from the main menu, select File | New | Project.
- In the New Project wizard, select Java from the list on the left.
- To develop Java applications in IntelliJ IDEA, you need the Java SDK ().If the necessary JDK is already defined in IntelliJ IDEA, select it from the Project SDK list.If the JDK is installed on your computer, but not defined in the IDE, select Add JDK and specify the path to the JDK home directory (for example, /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-13.0.1.jdk).If you don't have the necessary JDK on your computer, select Download JDK. In the next dialog, specify the JDK vendor (for example, OpenJDK), version, change the installation path if required, and click Download.
- We're not going to use any additional libraries or frameworks for this tutorial, so click Next.
- Don't create a project from the template. In this tutorial, we're going to do everything from scratch, so click Next.
- Name the project, for example:
HelloWorld
. - If necessary, change the default project location and click Finish.
Create a package and a class
Packages are used for grouping together classes that belong to the same category or provide similar functionality, for structuring and organizing large applications with hundreds of classes.
- In the Project tool window, select the src folder, press Alt+Insert, and select Java Class.
- In the Name field, type
com.example.helloworld.HelloWorld
and click OK.IntelliJ IDEA creates thecom.example.helloworld
package and theHelloWorld
class.
Together with the file, IntelliJ IDEA has automatically generated some contents for your class. In this case, the IDE has inserted the package statement and the class declaration.
This is done by means of file templates. Depending on the type of the file that you create, the IDE inserts initial code and formatting that is expected to be in all files of that type. For more information on how to use and configure templates, refer to File templates.
The Project tool window Alt+1 displays the structure of your application and helps you browse the project.
In Java, there's a naming convention that you should follow when you name packages and classes.
Write the code
Add the main() method using live templates
- Place the caret at the class declaration string after the opening bracket
{
and press Shift+Enter.In contrast to Enter, Shift+Enter starts a new line without breaking the current one. - Type
main
and select the template that inserts themain()
method declaration.As you type, IntelliJ IDEA suggests various constructs that can be used in the current context. You can see the list of available live templates using Ctrl+J.
Live templates are code snippets that you can insert into your code.
main
is one of such snippets. Usually, live templates contain blocks of code that you use most often. Using them can save you some time as you don't have to type the same code over and over again.For more information on where to find predefined live templates and how to create your own, refer to Live templates.
You can also add the statement using the
sout
live template.Call the println() method using code completion
After the
main()
method declaration, IntelliJ IDEA automatically places the caret at the next line. Let's call a method that prints some text to the standard system output.- Type
Sy
and select theSystem
class from the list of code completion suggestions (it's from the standardjava.lang
package).Press Ctrl+. to insert the selection with a trailing comma. - Type
o
, selectout
, and press Ctrl+. again. - Type
p
, select the println(String x) method, and press Enter.IntelliJ IDEA shows you the types of parameters that can be used in the current context. This information is for your reference. - Type
'
. The second quotation mark is inserted automatically, and the caret is placed between the quotation marks. TypeHello, World!
Basic code completion analyses the context around the current caret position and and provides suggestions as you type. You can open the completion list manually by pressing Ctrl+Space.
For information on different completion modes, refer to Code completion.
Build and run the application
Valid Java classes can be compiled into bytecode. You can compile and run classes with the
main()
method right from the editor using the green arrow icon in the gutter. ![Java download for mac Java download for mac](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126513261/881426119.png)
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- Click in the gutter and select Run 'HelloWorld.main()' in the popup. The IDE starts compiling your code.
- When the compilation is complete, the Run tool window opens at the bottom of the screen.The first line shows the command that IntelliJ IDEA used to run the compiled class. The second line shows the program output:
Hello, World!
. And the last line shows the exit code0
, which indicates that it exited successfully.If your code is not correct, and the IDE can't compile it, the Run tool window will display the corresponding exit code.
When you click Run, IntelliJ IDEA creates a special run configuration that performs a series of actions. First, it builds your application. On this stage, compiles your source code into JVM bytecode.
Once javac finishes compilation, it places the compiled bytecode to the out directory, which is highlighted with yellow in the Project tool window.
After that, the runs the bytecode.
Automatically created run configurations are temporary, but you can modify and save them.
If you want to reopen the Run tool window, press Alt+4.
IntelliJ IDEA automatically analyzes the file that is currently opened in the editor and searches for different types of problems: from syntax errors to typos. The Inspections widget at the top-right corner of the editor allows you to quickly see all the detected problems and look at each problem in detail. For more information, refer to Instant analysis of the current file.
Package the application in a JAR
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When the code is ready, you can package your application in a Java archive (JAR) so that you can share it with other developers. A built Java archive is called an artifact.
Create an artifact configuration for the JAR
- From the main menu, select File | Project StructureCtrl+Alt+Shift+S and click Artifacts.
- Click , point to JAR and select From modules with dependencies.
- To the right of the Main Class field, click and select HelloWorld (com.example.helloworld) in the dialog that opens.IntelliJ IDEA creates the artifact configuration and shows its settings in the right-hand part of the Project Structure dialog.
- Apply the changes and close the dialog.
Build the JAR artifact
- From the main menu, select Build | Build Artifacts.
- Point to HelloWorld:jar and select Build.If you now look at the out/artifacts folder, you'll find your JAR there.
Run the packaged application
To make sure that the JAR artifact is created correctly, you can run it.
Use Find ActionCtrl+Shift+A to search for actions and settings across the entire IDE.
Create a run configuration for the packaged application
![Mac Mac](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126513261/190348512.png)
To run a Java application packaged in a JAR, IntelliJ IDEA allows you to create a dedicated run configuration.
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- Press Ctrl+Shift+A, find and run the Edit Configurations action.
- In the Run/Debug Configurations dialog, click and select JAR Application.
- Name the new configuration:
HelloWorldJar
. - In the Path to JAR field, click and specify the path to the JAR file on your computer.
- Under Before launch, click , select Build Artifacts | HelloWorld:jar in the dialog that opens.Doing this means that the HelloWorld.jar is built automatically every time you execute this run configuration.
Run configurations allow you to define how you want to run your application, with which arguments and options. You can have multiple run configurations for the same application, each with its own settings.
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Execute the run configuration
- On the toolbar, select the
HelloWorldJar
configuration and click to the right of the run configuration selector. Alternatively, press Shift+F10 if you prefer shortcuts.As before, the Run tool window opens and shows you the application output.
The process has exited successfully, which means that the application is packaged correctly.
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Last modified: 22 October 2020